Page 23 - Hong Kong Productivity Council Independent Auditor’s Report and Financial Statements 2024-25

4. 會計政策（續）
(e) 資產減值（續）
(ii) 其他資產的減值（續）
- 確認減值虧損
當資產或所屬現金產生單元的賬面金額高於其可收回數額
時，減值虧損便會在收支賬目中確認。分配現金產生單元
所確認的減值虧損時，是按比例減少該單元（或該組單
元）內資產的賬面金額，但資產的賬面值不得減少至低於
其個別公允價值減去出售成本後所得的金額或其使用價值
（如能確定）。
- 轉回減值虧損
如果用以釐定可收回數額的估計數額出現正面的變化，
有關的減值虧損便會轉回。所轉回的減值虧損以在以往
年度假若沒有確認任何減值虧損而應已釐定的資產賬面
金額為限。所轉回的減值虧損在確認轉回的年度內計入
收支賬目中。
(f) 應收賬款
應收賬款按公允價值初始確認，其後按實際利率法計算的
攤銷成本減去減值準備入賬。
(g) 應付賬款及應計費用
應付賬款及應計費用按公允價值初始確認，其後採用實際
利率法按攤銷成本入賬。
(h) 現金及現金等價物
現金及現金等價物包括銀行存款及現金、存放於銀行及其
他財務機構的活期存款，以及短期和高流動性的投資；這
些投資可以即時轉換為已知數額的現金，且其價值的變動
風險不大，並在購入後三個月內到期。
獨立核數師報告及財務報告 INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2024-25 21
4. MATERIAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)
(e) Impairment of assets (Continued)
(ii) Impairment of other assets (Continued)
- Recognition of impairment losses
An impairment loss is recognised in the income and expenditure
account if the carrying amount of an asset, or the cash-generating
unit to which it belongs, exceeds its recoverable amount.
Impairment losses recognised in respect of cash-generating units
are allocated to reduce the carrying amount of the assets in the unit
(or group of units) on a pro rata basis, except that the carrying value
of an asset will not be reduced below its individual fair value less
costs of disposal, or value-in-use, if determinable.
- Reversals of impairment losses
An impairment loss is reversed if there has been a favourable change
in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount. A
reversal of an impairment loss is limited to the asset’s carrying
amount that would have been determined had no impairment loss
been recognised in prior years. Reversals of impairment losses are
credited to the income and expenditure account in the year in which
the reversals are recognised.
(f) Receivables
Receivables are initially recognised at fair value and thereafter
stated at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less
allowance for impairment.
(g) Accounts payable and accruals
Accounts payable and accruals are initially recognised at fair value
subsequently stated at amortised cost using the effective interest
method, unless the effect of discounting would be immaterial, in
which case they are stated at invoice amounts.
(h) Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at banks and on hand,
demand deposits with banks and other financial institutions, and
short-term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible
into known amounts of cash and which are subject to an
insignificant risk of changes in value, having been within three
months of original maturities when placed.